As part of our review of 2023, Dezeen readers have voted Casa Tres Árboles by Direccion the best home interior of 2023.
After 400 votes, the project in Mexico was the clear winner, with almost 35 per cent of people picking it from the poll that ran throughout December.
Informed by “monastic sanctuaries” and designed to celebrate light and shadows, Casa Tres Árboles is a weekend home in Mexico’s Valle de Bravo.
Mexican studio Direccion, used combined natural materials and an earthy colour palette for the interiors of the split-level home.
Dezeen readers picked the home form a shortlist that included projects from Spain, The Netherlands, UK, Australia, Japan, South Africa and USA.
The rest of the vote was pretty evenly split, with the Hiroo Residence in central Tokyo, the second most popular choice – receiving 12 percent of the vote.
Designed by architect Keiji Ashizawa, the 200-square-metre apartment features numerous wooden finishes combined with subtle tones of grey and beige.
Four further projects were joint third most popular – Dumbo loft by Crystal Sinclair Designs, House by the Sea by Of Architecture, Torres Blancas apartment by Studio Noju and Domūs Houthaven apartment by Shift Architecture Urbanism – each receiving nine per cent of the vote
2023 review
This article is part of Dezeen’s roundup of the biggest and best news and projects in architecture, design, interior design and technology from 2023.
The architects at Studio Albori construct the foundation of Casa di Legno e Paglia with metal gabions — caged walls filled with locally sourced stones — a technique that reinforces the building’s structural integrity while reducing environmental impact. The primary framework is made of Piedmontese larch wood, a deep-rooted connection to the region’s natural resources that ensures both aesthetic beauty and sustainability. One unique feature of the house is its perimeter walls, which are filled with straw bales. Straw is a sustainable and energy-efficient material that provides excellent insulation, keeping the house cool in the summer and warm in the winter. The straw-filled walls are then plastered with lime, imparting a timeless aesthetic and reinforcing the commitment to eco-friendliness. This structure of larch wood and hay lends the dwelling its name in Italian: Casa de Legno e Paglia.
salvaged materials include window frames, roof tiles, and stone to breathe new life into the project
circular design by studio albori
In a nod to circular economy principles, Studio Albori has incorporated a number of salvaged materials into the project, breathing new life into the remnants of the past. The house proudly features external and internal window and door frames, roof tiles, parapets, gates, grates, and stones in the garden, all thoughtfully salvaged from the pre-existing building or sourced from local scrapyards. This commitment to reclamation not only enhances the project’s sustainability but infuses it with a sense of historical relevance. The Casa di Legno e Paglia exemplifies the power of architecture to bridge the past and the present. Through its thoughtful design and sustainable practices, Studio Albori has created a residence that is both timeless and innovative.
the renovation integrates into Laveno’s historic context by replicating the profile of the pre-existing structure natural materials and an exposed wooden structure merges traditional and contemporary design foundations of stone-filled gabions, contribute to its structural stability while minimizing environmental impact.
Local studio Mesura has designed a live-work home for a gallery owner that combines exhibition space with living quarters in a former factory in Barcelona.
Casa Vasto is situated in the city’s seaside neighbourhood El Poblenou, characterised by its 18th-century industrial buildings that were deindustrialised in the 1960s and 70s.
The apartment is located in one of these former factories and comprises two spaces – the public living and kitchen area that also houses gallery exhibitions, and the private bedroom and bathroom that are reserved solely for the owner’s use.
A service core made from birch wood divides the space without being attached to the walls or to the ceiling, which has an unusual vaulted design characteristic of factories built in Barcelona in the 19th century. This channels services to the kitchen and bathroom components and contains a toilet, shower and storage.
On one side of the core is the living and gallery space. This has plenty of space to hold exhibitions and is filled with monolithic furnishings that create functional zones, including a long dining table with cylindrical legs and a blocky stainless-steel kitchen island.
A low, sprawling sofa defines the lounge area, which centres around a coffee table fashioned from waste material created during the apartment’s construction by designer Sara Regal.
Artworks and furniture have been arranged throughout the space, which was curated in collaboration between the owners and Mesura.
“The project’s interior design is reinterpreted as a constellation of unique objects detached from the apartment’s limits,” said Mesura.
“These elements contrast with the white-washed walls and light-wood furnishings to emerge as accents of colour and form, weaving a cohesive and contemporary identity throughout the project, drawing focus to the pieces and artwork.”
Bespoke pieces custom-made for Casa Vasto are flanked by iconic design classics, such as architect Mies van der Rohe’s MR10 Chair and architect Mario Botta’s Seconda Chai.
“Some of the interior pieces were specifically designed for the space – kitchen, dining table, service core, bathtub – and the others – sofas, chairs, lighting – were more of a process with the clients, who had their own preferences and interests,” Mesura told Dezeen.
Frames are hung on the walls in the bedroom, which also contains two sinks and a bathtub encased in blocky concrete volumes.
As in the rest of the space, rectangular windows extend from floor level to let natural light into the space.
“We think the pieces selected for the interiors create a comfortable and unique atmosphere when in touch with the bespoke furniture we designed for the project,” the studio told Dezeen.
Other adaptive reuse apartment projects on Dezeen include an apartment in a converted bank office by Puntofilipino and a flat in a former chocolate factory by SSdH.
Casa Soleto, a 17th-century house in Puglia, Italy, has been carefully renovated using lime plaster, terrazzo and furniture salvaged from a monastery.
The four-bedroom house, parts of which are over 400 years old, was given a refresh by its owners – architecture firm Studio Andrew Trotter and its studio manager Marcelo Martínez.
While no structural changes were made, the designers redid some of the building’s roofs, which were falling apart, added two bathrooms and powder rooms, and swapped the living and dining spaces around.
“The street front had all the baroque details of a small palazzo and inside it was like time stood still,” Studio Andrew Trotter founder Andrew Trotter said of the house.
None of its walls were straight and the layout was designed for the needs of past occupants, with a chapel located behind the kitchen so that the family did not need to leave the house to pray.
This place of worship was transformed into a media room and a powder room with an outdoor shower, creating a space that can be used as an extra guestroom if needed.
Trotter and Martínez aimed for the renovation of Casa Soleto to resemble the original building as much as possible and the team preserved much of its original flooring.
“We tried to use natural materials as much as possible,” Martínez told Dezeen.
“We used lime plasters to give a natural and raw feeling to the walls, terrazzo floors – battuto alla veneziana – in the areas where new floors had to be made, wooden windows and doors seeking to imitate the original ones, cast iron hardware and linen sofas.”
The designers also chose a discrete colour palette for the lime plaster used on the walls of the house, which on the ground floor culminate in five-metre-high ceilings.
“We chose subtle earthy and greeny colours,” Martínez said. “Colours played a central role, as some make spaces feel light, others moody.”
Studio Andrew Trotter kept the house’s original kitchen and commissioned local woodworkers from the city of Lecce to recreate the home’s original wooden doors.
To add to the natural feel of the interior, the team used jute rugs to cover the stone floors and sourced linen upholstery and curtains from local artisans.
Furniture and accessories by Danish brand Frama were juxtaposed with antique furniture pieces including an 18th-century dining table that was salvaged from an Abruzzo monastery.
The studio also sourced a late 18th- early 19th-century wardrobe from Lombardy for one of the bedrooms in Casa Soleto, which can only be accessed by going through the front patio and up an outside staircase.
Studio Andrew Trotter, which has worked on a number of projects in Puglia, plans to use Casa Soleto as a rental property.
“We purchased and restored it mainly to rent it out, and also to invite creative minds that we appreciate, make gatherings and exhibitions,” Martínez said.
Previous projects the studio has completed in the area include a 19th-century school that was turned into a family home and an earth-toned villa made from local sandstone.
Pedro Calle and El Sindicato Arquitectura design Casa Perucho
Designer Pedro Calle and El Sindicato Arquitectura consrtuct Casa Perucho, a single-family house nestled in Perucho, a rural enclave within the Metropolitan District of Quito, Ecuador. Embracing its natural surroundings of mountains and green landscapes, the residence harmoniously coexists with nature.
The main design principle revolves around fostering an intimate connection with the natural environment while enveloping its inhabitants in a shelter-like space. The project takes advantage of the mountain vistas employing expansive windows on the western facade. Additionally, the development ensures privacy through a continuous skin of bricks unfolding from the southern facade, transitioning into the roof, and eventually covering the northern facade. The red brick protruding formation shields the interior from both neighbors and the adjacent street, resulting in a secure living environment.
all images by Francesco Russo unless stated otherwise
Casa Perucho develops a simple and efficient layout
The design team meticulously outlines the spatial arrangement of Casa Perucho. The ground floor is dedicated to communal spaces, including a well-appointed kitchen, a living area, a dining space, a convenient bathroom, and a sheltered outdoor deck. The upper floor encompasses a bedroom, a versatile workspace, a welcoming guest area, and a well-equipped bathroom. Designed with an emphasis on simplicity and efficiency, a prefabricated structure takes center stage. Comprising robust wooden frames, this construction method ensures a seamless assembly process while minimizing environmental impact and reducing mobilization and on-site manufacturing costs.
Casa Perucho nestles in Perucho, a rural enclave within the Metropolitan District of Quito, Ecuador
a continuous skin of bricks enfolds the two-story residence
the red brick protruding formation shields the interior from both neighbors and the adjacent street
Spanish studio Balzar Arquitectos has added a copper-toned family house named La Casa de los Olivos to an olive grove in Valencia, Spain.
Aiming to blend into its site in the town of Quesa, the long and low-lying home has been finished with a red-hued lime mortar that mimics the surrounding soil.
Balzar Arquitectos also preserved as much of the existing planting as possible by designing the house with a linear form that fits within a grid of trees.
“The landscape was already wonderful as it was, so when it came to the intervention, we wanted to respect this place, trying to keep as many olive trees as possible,” said studio co-founder Laura Moreno Albuixech.
“We wanted to create a dialogue between the natural and the artificial, between the olive trees and the house,” Moreno Albuizech told Dezeen.
Built with a steel frame, the copper-toned home is nestled into the gaps of the eight-by-eight-metre grid of trees. Inside, rooms are arranged across a single floor.
“The olive trees are arranged in a perfect grid of eight by eight metres and this was a key factor in the geometry of the house,” said Moreno Albuixech.
“Both the house and the swimming pool take advantage of the free spaces left in the grid of olive trees and insert themselves between them.”
Running down the centre of a gravelled courtyard is a long swimming pool. It extends towards the main building, curving to meet a porch that is covered by an overhang perforated with a circular skylight.
A large glass door separates this porch from the open living space, which extends into a dining area and kitchen with green-toned cupboards and brass surfaces.
“The muted green colour of the leaves of the olive trees was used for the woodwork and the gold of the sun at sunset was reinterpreted in the kitchen with natural brass,” said Moreno Albuixech.
Throughout the home, red walls and accents mimic the soil-informed colour of the exterior, including terracotta-toned floors and Iranian travertine marble surfaces that feature in the bathrooms and interior pool.
“The choice of materials and colours was clear from the beginning,” said Moreno Albuixech. “Both the clients and we were looking for colours that respected the chromatic range that the plot already had when we visited it for the first time.”
Two ensuite bedrooms branch off from the main living space and open onto private patios that frame views of the surrounding olive trees.
“The home integrates with the rural environment through patios that embrace the existing olive trees and a longitudinal platform that reinforces the linear perspective towards the horizon,” said the studio.
“Through the patios, the olive trees and the wide terrain become part of the dwelling and lives of the people.”
Other Spanish homes recently featured on Dezeen include a narrow home designed for indoor and outdoor living and a house spread across six pavilions arranged around a courtyard.
Spanish studio Mesura has created a brick and concrete house that steps down a steep hill and features giant windows that frame the surrounding Mediterranean landscape.
Named Casa Dosmurs, the home is designed to blend in with its site in the residential area of Alella in Catalonia, Spain, with its flat roof the only part visible from the adjacent street.
“The house is set apart from the street and adjacent constructions by hiding between two bare walls that follow the site’s abrupt slope,” said architecture studio Mesura.
“Thus, the house disappears entirely from the street’s view.”
Casa Dosmurs comprises a spacious open-plan living and dining area, alongside two bedrooms. It is designed by Mesura to have an “honest” aesthetic, achieved using common structural materials such as brick and prefabricated concrete panels that are left exposed inside.
“Following the idea of ’honest architecture’, where we show how the house has been built, all the concrete structure is left visible,” the studio told Dezeen.
While it is concealed from view on one side, the home opens up to the sea on the other through its wide windows. The glazing extends up from the double-height living area to the mezzanine level above where the two bedrooms are found.
Connected to a private garden, the two bedrooms can be totally or partially closed off with folding wooden partitions that Mesura designed to cater for different levels of privacy, light and ventilation.
Inside, Casa Dosmurs’ internal walls are covered by bricks with vertical cuts on their surface and with varying rotations in some places for a playful finish.
Minimalist furniture is dotted throughout, with pieces by local companies including rug brand Nanimarquina and lighting brand Santa&Cole, and Barcelona-based furniture and product designer Max Enrich.
According to the studio, the home was assembled on-site in just three days thanks to the prefabricated concrete panels, which also helped minimise material waste.
“Working with a structural system made in the workshop was for three reasons,” explained Mesura.
“For the precision of its execution in the workshop, the efficiency in assembling the house on a very difficult terrain due to its slope and quality of the land, and for the reduction of material,” added the studio.
Casa Dosmurs is complete with a flat roof that acts as an open terrace overlooking the landscape.
Mesura is an architecture studio based in Barcelona that was founded in 2010 by Benjamin Iborra Wicksteed and Carlos Dimas Carmona.
Previous projects by the studio include a house extension with a scalloped roofline and a concrete and stone home bisected by an outdoor terrace.
Design group TIM Architects, led by Felipe Aracama, constructs ‘Casa Pekin’ in Buenos Aires, a ‘floating’ residence made of concrete and glass. Following the studio’s characteristic design guidelines, the composition is defined by the purity of the facades, the absence of ornaments and moldings, the glazed expanses, and the well-formed spatial division of the interior according to the use of each zone. The rationalist imprint and attention to minimalism prevail in architecture while the classic modern movement holds a fundamental part of the design approach.
The residence arranges three main areas, with two bedrooms, the kitchen separated from the living-dining room, and the leitmotiv of the work, the social space. The common zone stands as the most significant space surrounded by glass openings and exposed concrete surfaces shielding the frame. ‘The rationalist traits of ‘Casa Pekin’s’ architecture derive from the modern movement accentuating the purity of the form, the geometry of its elements, and the use of materials such as concrete, wood, and glass’, shares Felipe Aracama of TIM Architects. Analyzing the front of the house two main plans are outlined, a blind one and a glazed one.
the project applies materials such as concrete, wood, and glass
internal arrangement separates common zones
Another important feature of the construction is the formation of the eaves. The proposed intention holds the structure floating above the ground while the slab on the ground floor seems to hover. The house seems lightweight, a sensation reinforced by details such as the absence of supports in the gallery. The eaves hang light casting an intricate shadow over the social space. The separation between the kitchen and the social space intends not to integrate two disparate functions, and to provide each of the spaces with the necessary comfort without interference.
the proposed intention holds the structure floating above the ground
the house seems lightweight through the absence of supports in the gallery
The 5th Annual Best of LaCantina competition saw its most inspiring range of entries to date, with a diverse range of stunning architectural designs submitted from the United States and beyond, each utilizing the unique qualities of LaCantina Doors‘ systems to blur the boundaries between indoors and outdoors. Of the top projects submitted this year, a striking residence in Panama — Casa Loro — scooped the prestigious title of “Best in Show”. Its designers, the Panama and US-based firm IM-KM Architecture and Planning — led by Kristin and Ivan Morales — win a trip to next year’s AIA Conference, complete with travel and accommodation.
The project was approached with a deep sensitivity to local context. “The intent was to first restore, then relate to and engage with the site,” stated the architects. “The design needed to emerge from the restored forest to find wide open plains through, in, and around the main house. The concept of the main house at Casa Loro was to create a modern tree house made with contextual materials that enclose indoor and outdoor spaces equally.”
IM-KM paid special attention to material selection and spatial layout, seeking to create a home in which each space is uniquely designed to enhance the client’s sensory experience: “As we designed each of these spaces, we wanted them to have unique qualities of sound, materials, and light, that become integrated components that enhance the user’s experience and create specific memories of the place.
“This was achieved by hierarchically separating the spaces by a series of steps and platforms that are surrounded by gardens that attract biodiversity. As you circulate, each space becomes gradually more intimate until you reach the bedrooms and their private gardens. The ocean and fountain provide different acoustics depending on which space or garden you are in, and the shade from the various trees and palms create shadows that move around with the ocean breeze.”
The architects sought to create a hierarchical sequence of spaces that would offer inhabitants a sense of escape as they transition between each living space. IM-KM explained: “The pavilions of the main house are all balanced around the central pavilion which contains the vestibule and indoor and outdoor living rooms. From this central space, you transition from the modern world to somewhere else, where you can forget your day, and just be on holiday.”
Utilizing LaCantina’s sliding door systems, the façades of each pavilion are fully operable. When opened, the perimeter of the interior spaces become permeable and create a single larger room including the adjacent garden spaces and the ocean at the horizon. “When passing through the modern pavilion — from the vestibule into the outdoor living room — you are compressed and released into the vastness of the outdoor living room which looks out to the sea and the surrounding playful roof forms. It is meant to be an exciting, all-encompassing transition,” said the architects.
Casa Loro powerfully demonstrates how smart material and product selection can enable a seamless transition between interior spaces and the surrounding landscape. IM-KM’s adept use of LaCantina Doors systems helped create a serene home that is intimately connected to the unique natural environment of Panama, while producing an open-plan layout that is flooded with natural light. The house is proof that, when the right building products are employed and the details are well considered, a “Best in Show” outcome is possible.
To see every winner of the 5th Annual Best of LaCantina competition, click here, and learn more about LaCantina Doors here.
Photographs by Anita Calero, Fernando Alda, and Emily Kinskey.
Studio Wasabi Architecture and Satoshi Kawakami Architects have created a home and artist residency in Tokyo for Mexican artist Bosco Sodi, founder of the arts foundation Casa Wabi in Mexico.
Occupying a corner plot in the Sendagi district of Tokyo, Casa Nano 2.0 is a renovation of a postwar house constructed in the late 1950s.
“The house has a very simple facade system to protect the windows, a system called amado, where you can slide some metal windows and close them when there is a typhoon,” said Studio Wasabi co-founder Rafael Balboa.
The 68-square-metre home has a simple facade with a gabled roof and ridges that jut out to create small awnings.
“For the exterior, we only applied one material – which is called Excell Joint – so it looks similar to the original house in order to make it more natural and coherent with the neighbourhood,” said Balboa.
Studio Wasabi worked with Satoshi Kawakami Architects to completely revamp the interiors for use as an extension of the Casa Wabi artist residency in Puerto Escondido, Mexico or as a home for founder Bosco Sodi and his wife interior designer Lucia Corredor.
After sponsoring 13 Mexican artists in the original Casa Nano at another location, Sodi needed more space and decided to move the residency into a larger space – Casa Nano 2.0.
The architecture studios worked with Sodi and Corredor to open up the space, creating an open-concept kitchen, adding furniture and moving the original staircase.
The first floor of the two-storey, cedar-framed structure is concrete, and the second storey’s floor is made of cedar.
The designers and construction company Washin Architects kept all of the old cedar beams and columns, as well as the windows from the original house to preserve the essence of the original building.
“For us, it was also very important to be able to have blackout windows so we kept the original pocket metal windows of the facade of the old house to be able to close the windows completely,” explained Corredor.
The team had to move the original staircase to open up the ground floor, so a floating steel staircase was placed against the wall at the middle of the structure, suspended from the existing beams.
“This house, besides being part of the art residence of Casa Wabi, was designed to fit our family needs,” said Corredor.
Storage space was another important factor in the design process, so the architecture studios created a shelf unit that hangs from the existing beams that stretch around the entire house.
On the second floor, three separate spaces were included to accommodate a family of five. The primary bedroom has a simple layout and connects to a small terrace.
A central living area has a bench with a small reading nook and the seating area was furnished with a vintage French sofa from the 1950s and an old wood table from a local flea market.
The bunk bedroom at the end of the second floor was built for the kids or as another area spot an artist in residence and has access via a ladder to a small outdoor terrace.
The three spaces are divided by Japanese paper sliding doors with overlaying glass thick enough to maintain privacy and let the light flow into the space.
The doors and built-in furniture as well as the ceiling of the second floor were made using Lauan wood.
Corredor used furniture from the previous residence and items that were locally sourced to furnish the home.
“We brought all the furniture we already had in the former Casa Nano,” she said.
“Like our old wood table that we found in the flea market in UENO and our beloved Noguchi lamp to give warmth and light to the space.”
Casa Nano 2.0 will continue with its residency program, inviting four Mexican artists every year, each for a period of one month.
“Japan has been life-changing for the artists that have been already,” Sodi said.
“As it was for me when I was invited to an art residence in Tokyo almost 20 years ago.”
Casa Wabi’s headquarters in Puerto Escondido was designed by Japanese architect Tadao Ando and features yearly pavilions by international architects including a red brick chimney by Mexico City-based architect Alberto Kalach and a ceramics workshop by Portuguese architect Álvaro Siza.